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chlamydia test

By: Karen Terry

May 4, 2023

What Happens During a Chlamydia Test

Chlamydia is an STI that can affect your health and fertility without treatment. Since many chlamydia infections are asymptomatic, it’s easy to transmit the disease without knowing it.

Testing for chlamydia is surprisingly simple, and you can either get it done at your healthcare provider or with an at-home test kit, but in both instances, you’ll need to send your sample to a lab. The most common chlamydia test requires you to provide a urine sample. Your healthcare provider may take a fluid swab from the location of the infection to run a more sensitive test in a pathology lab.

If you have never gotten an STD test before, you might not know what to expect. In this guide, you can learn everything you need to know about chlamydia testing.

Why Testing for Chlamydia Matters

You probably know that chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection, but you might not know what it actually is or how to get tested. 

Chlamydia is a disease caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis, often spread by sexual contact. It infects the epithelial cells of your genitals but can even infect cells in your lungs and eyes, causing asthma and conjunctivitis.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 1 in 20 sexually active women between the ages of 14 and 24 has chlamydia. It’s the most commonly reported bacterial STI in the United States, and estimates suggest the United States has approximately 1.5 million new cases per year. 

What makes chlamydia uniquely dangerous is that it attacks the reproductive system of men and women. In women, it can spread to the fallopian tubes and uterus, where it causes pelvic inflammatory disease, resulting in chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and potentially fatal ectopic pregnancies. Pregnant people can even transmit chlamydia to their children during childbirth, which may cause pneumonia or conjunctivitis in the newborn baby.  

Chlamydia infections in men tend to be less severe, but untreated chlamydia can cause swelling in the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles, affecting fertility. 

Who Needs a Chlamydia Test?

The most common reason to get a chlamydia test is that your partner tested positive and informed you. If you suspect you have the symptoms of an STI, you can take a 10-panel STD test that includes chlamydia testing. Five common chlamydia symptoms include:

  • Burning sensation during urination
  • Rectal pain or pelvic pain
  • Discharge from your vagina, penis, or anus
  • Painful intercourse
  • Bleeding after intercourse

The biggest problem with waiting to see symptoms is that, in many cases, chlamydia infections are asymptomatic, and you can transmit the disease to your partner without either of you knowing it. Pre-emptive screening is a good option if you have any of the following risk factors:

  • Are under 25 and sexually active
  • Are a gay or bisexual man
  • Are pregnant
  • Have HIV
  • Live in areas with higher rates of STI transmission
  • Want to have sex with a new partner 
  • Have more than one sexual partner
  • Know that your partner has chlamydia or any other STI
  • Have previously had chlamydia and recently underwent treatment

In general, most screening guidelines recommend that women get tested periodically, while men only need to test if they fall into one of the risk groups discussed above.

What to Expect from a Chlamydia Test

Getting an STD test can be an intimidating experience, but understanding what the process entails can make it feel a bit less scary. 

Chlamydia testing is so important because the majority of chlamydia infections are asymptomatic, meaning sexually active persons can’t tell if they have the disease or not. There are no risks to taking a chlamydia and gonorrhea panel, but many risks to leaving an infection untreated. 

What Is the Best Way to Test for Chlamydia?

The most common test for chlamydia is the Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT). This chlamydia test looks for bacterial DNA in the sample you provide. It does this by amplifying the DNA found in the sample, looking specifically for sequences that belong to chlamydia. 

Another option is to try and grow chlamydia cells in the lab from your sample. This test is less common because it takes longer than the NAAT to produce results. Since early treatment is essential in protecting you and your partner from the health consequences of a chlamydia infection, the NAAT is the preferred testing method used by most STD-testing labs, like Rapid STD Testing. 

With a rapid STD test, you can have your results within a few hours. If your healthcare provider sent the NAAT sample off to a lab, you may have to wait 24 to 4 hours to get your results. If you test positive, your doctor will prescribe medication to combat the infection and give advice on how to prevent spreading the disease to your sexual partners. 

Preparing for the Chlamydia Test

If you know you’re getting a chlamydia test in the near future, you can prepare by taking a few simple precautions. These include:

  • Avoid urinating several hours before the test to ensure you gather enough sample material
  • Avoid using creams, douches, or cleansing products in the vaginal or anal area
  • Tell your doctor if you are taking any antibiotics, as they can suppress the chlamydia infection

How Is a Chlamydia Test Performed?

The actual process of getting a chlamydia test is straightforward regardless of whether you’re using an at-home kit or have a scheduled doctor’s appointment. 

Most tests use urine samples. You should receive a sterile sample cup that you need to urinate into. Make sure to collect the urine stream as soon as it starts coming out — this first stream may “flush” bacteria away, so if you collect after the first stream, you may not collect enough bacteria for a positive test.

Your provider may also choose to take a sample of fluid from another area, such as your genitals or anus. They will gather this sample using a direct sample technique with a cotton swab on the affected area. The main difference in chlamydia tests for men and women is that the doctor will take the sample from the cervix in women and the urethra in men. 

As chlamydia can cause eye infections, your healthcare provider may even take a sample of fluid from your eye. Generally, direct samples are more uncomfortable than collecting a sample of urine, but this discomfort is temporary.

After you or your healthcare provider have collected the sample, it goes off to a testing lab. This lab will perform the necessary tests and contact you or your provider with your results. If the result is positive, you and your provider need to discuss treatment options to get rid of the disease. 

Living with Chlamydia

A chlamydia diagnosis can be distressing, but the good news is that most common antibiotics work in killing off the bacteria that cause the disease. For most people, simply taking the medicine as directed by their healthcare provider is enough to get rid of the STI and resume a normal sex life. Be sure to take every dose of your medication as prescribed. Failing to complete the course of antibiotics can cause the infection to come back, even if you don’t have symptoms.

During treatment, it’s important to listen to your doctor’s instructions. You can also take precautions to reduce the spread of chlamydia to others by:

  • Washing your hands regularly
  • Telling all your sexual partners about your diagnosis
  • Abstaining from sex during your treatment
  • Keeping your genital area clean and dry

Can You Have Sex During Your Chlamydia Treatment?

One of the main questions doctors get asked by their patients is whether it is safe to have sex during their chlamydia treatment, and the answer is no. In general, it’s a bad idea to have sex while undergoing treatment for any STI, particularly one that has such negative health implications as chlamydia. 

Be honest with your sexual partner or partners about your diagnosis, and refrain from sexual contact that could spread the infection. Your partner should also get tested as a precaution.

Luckily the most common treatment for chlamydia is a seven-day course of antibiotics, so you just need to wait seven days before resuming your love life. 

Take Charge of Your Sexual Health

Being responsible about your sexual health protects you and your partners from sexually transmitted diseases. One of the best ways to keep yourself safe is regular testing using either at-home testing kits from Rapid STD Testing or visiting your local healthcare provider. It’s always better to know your health status and treat any STIs quickly than ignoring them and making yourself and your partners sick.

So whether you’re with a new partner or just want some peace of mind, take charge of your health and order a chlamydia test at a Rapid STD Testing clinic near you today!

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By: Karen Terry
May 4, 2023

With a profound passion for making intricate medical information accessible to all, John possesses a unique ability to simplify complex concepts without sacrificing accuracy or depth. Armed with a comprehensive understanding of various healthcare fields, John is well-versed in the latest research and advancements. However, what truly sets him apart is his remarkable talent for distilling this wealth of knowledge into engaging, reader-friendly content.